PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.